高考冲刺：高考英语阅读理解高分技巧

2016-04-06 12:13:51来源：网络

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　　(三)词义推测题

　　该题型主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。近几年的高考阅读理解题越来越重视对猜词悟义能力的考查，试题中有一到两个小题是直接考查词义猜测的。从考查内容看主要有猜测某个生词、熟词、短语或句子的意思以及猜测代词的指代等。

　　常见的命题方式：

　　Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word…?

　　The word…could best be replaced by…?

　　In the…paragraph, the word…means(refers to)…

　　According to the passage,…probably means…

　　The authors uses the word…to mean…

　　The word…is most likely to mean…。

　　【典例1】 Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager。

　　“I would never have said to my mom, ‘Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?’” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste。”

　　Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits。

　　… (2008·广东卷)

　　41. The underlined word “gulf” in Para.3 most probably means _________。

　　A. interest B. distance C. difference D. separation

　　【解析】本文讲述“代沟”的发展、变化。以40岁左右为分界线，之前和之后与子女间的关系在改变，虽然代沟越来越窄，但仍没有消失，家庭研究专家提醒新的平等关系也会导致子女对父母的不尊重。41. D 由上文中提到的 “…he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager。”以及“There was just a complete gap in taste。”可知gulf应表示两代人之间关系的“代沟”。separation指“分开，分离”。猜测词义时更多用到的方法是：结合上下文的意义、线索、内在逻辑关系。一般情况下，上下文所提示的意义与所考词汇通常是同义、反义或针对性解释的关系，可直接确定词义。根据上下文意义很难作出判断的，就考虑用句法和内在逻辑方法去判断，符合句法和内在逻辑的可能为正确答案，反之则排除。

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