2020高考二轮复习英语语法知识难点梳理(16)

2020-02-05 13:30:06来源:网络

  为了帮助同学们备战2020高考英语,新东方在线高考频道整理了《2020高考二轮复习英语语法知识难点梳理(16)》,供同学们参考。

  I.要点

  有时为了避免重复,使语言简练紧凑,在不损害结构或引起误解的原则下,往往省去一个或多个句子成分或词语。

  1、固定习惯用词。如:

  No smoking! Thanks s lot!等。

  2. 简单句中的省略

  (1)口语中,一、二、三人称的主语,有时还包括谓语都可以省略。如:(It is)Nice to see you!

  (This is) Li Ming speaking.

  (2)所有格后的名词如为住宅、商店、工矿、教堂等可以省略。如:

  I'm going to visit Tom's (house).

  I met him at the tailor's (shop).

  (3)两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起时,第一个不定式带to,后面的不定式可省to.如: His job is to clean and mend the machine.

  (4)主(宾)语补足语中的to be常省略。He was considered (to be) the best student in the class.

  (5)There be结构中there be可同时省略,或只省略there.如:(Is there) Anything wrong?

  (6)表示年龄的years old, 表示钟点的o'clock, minute等常省略。如:What time is it now? It's ten (o'clock).

  3从句中的省略

  (1)宾语从句,以which, when, where, how和why引起的宾语从句谓语与主句谓语如相同,可省略从句中全部谓语,甚至主语也可省略,仅保留wh-一词。如:

  He will come, but we don't know when (he will come).

  He didn't come, I wondered why (he didn't come).

  (2)定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词,如:

  The man (whom) I saw in the street the other day is my teacher.

  (3)状语从句,在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件状语从句中,从句主语与主句主语一致,或从句主语是it,则be动词及其主语常可省略。如:

  I'll tell him that when (it is) possible.

  I won't go there unless (I'm) invited.

  II.例题

  例1Abeam of light will not bend(弯曲)round corners unless____ to do so with the help of a reflecting device(反射装置)。

  A made B being made C having made D to be made

  解析:该题正确答案为A。unless后省略了it is. make sb (sth) do sth变成被动语态则为sth/ sb be made to do.

  例2While ____my homework, I heard a cry for help.

  A do B did C doing D having done

  解析:该题答案为C。该空处省略了I'm,相当于while I'm doing my home work.如:While playing guitar, he is singing.

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