从高考英语真题谈高中英语词汇学习6道坎

2011-08-15 00:00:00来源:暂无来源


  第三道坎是词组和短语搭配,尽管我们上文提到诸如take, go, keep, come, turn, hello, speak这些单词在认知层面上无需记忆,但是高考对其也是有所考查的,因为它们后面加上不同的介词和副词就会变化成很多意义不同的词组和短语搭配,比如turn这个单词就有turn in, turn to, turn up, turn down, turn out, turn around,等等搭配结构。这些词组和短语搭配通常让学生难以把握每个意思,容易产生混淆。再看下面几个高考题目所考查的:

  8. We are trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we _________ your number incorrectly. (06年浙江省高考)

  A. looked up B. took down C. worked out D. brought about

  27. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _______ scenes of my childhood. (06年湖北省高考)

  A .called up B. called for C. called on D. called in

  22. The computer system_____ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. (06年辽宁省高考)

  A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in

  26. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson ___. (05年湖南省高考)

  A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up

  答案:BAAA

  对于高中词汇中如此众多的词组和短语搭配,我们要对最典型的最常考的词组进行系统地总结记忆,并且将它们一网打尽,不可有漏网之鱼。

  第四道坎是词汇在具体语境中的应用,如今高考越来越重视词汇在具体语境或者具体使用场景中的应用,越来越不拘泥于以往仅仅从单词本身出发的较为死板的考法。词汇离开了具体的语境就会失去生命力,不知所云。正如语言学家吕叔湘先生所说:“词语嵌在上下文里头才有生命,才容易记住,才知道用法。”我们首先看一下单词“cover”这个词在几种不同语境中的用法:

  Don’t cover your eyes with hands. ( vt. 覆盖,遮住)

  He made up a story to cover the mistakes. (vt. 掩饰)

  China covers a total area of 96,000,000 square kilometers. (vt. 占地)

  The cover of the magazine is green. ( n. 封面)

  His book covers a wild field. ( vt. 涉及)

  They covered 100 miles a day. (vt. 走过)

  The journalist was sent to cover the traffic accident. (vt. 采访)

  由此可见,具体语境对于词汇学习的作用不容小觑,接下来再看一下高考题对具体语境的考查:

  17.—If you like I can do some shopping for you.

  ---That’s a very kind _______.(06年浙江省高考)

  A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion

  26.It’s quite _______me why such things have been allowed to happen. (06年安徽省高考)

  A.for B.behind

  C.against D.beyond

  23.-My family usually goes skating for vacation. I like skating, but I want to try something different this year. (05年重庆高考)

  -__________

  A. Let's go. B. Cheer up. C. Like what? D. Take care.

  34.-Why didn't you buy the camera you had longed for?

  -I had planned to, but I was $50________.(05年福建省高考)

  A. fewer B. less C. cheap D. short

  答案:ADCD

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