高考阅读理解真题—社会生活类第六篇

2018-12-27 22:02:43来源：网络

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　　6.(2011•江西卷)C

　　The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating form England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.

　　The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.

　　Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.

　　66. How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?

　　A. Through his observation of the country life.

　　B. Through the combination of different ideas.

　　C. By taking other people’s advice.

　　D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

　　67. The underlined phrase“drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.

　　A. making use of B. making comments on

　　C. giving an explanation of D. giving a description of

　　68. According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.

　　A. as far as possible from existing cities

　　B. in the countryside where the land was cheap

　　C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed

　　D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed

　　69. What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

　　A. Their number would continue to rise

　　B. Each one would continue to become larger

　　C. People would live and work in the same place

　　D. Each one would contain a certain type of business

　　70. What could be the best title for the passage?

　　A. City and Countryside B. The Invention of the Garden City

　　C.A New City in Chicago D. A Famous Garden City in England

　　66题：

　　答案：D

　　考点：细节理解题

　　解析：通过文章第一段的第三句得出：芝加哥的花园城市几乎成为了Howard 后来命名的来源。选项选择D, 选项A,B,C未体现

　　67题

　　答案：A

　　考点：词义理解题

　　解析：通过文章第一段叙述可知Howard在到达芝加哥后有了创建“花园城市“的灵感，回到伦敦后，他运用当时所流行的观点把各种设计进行了结合，形成了他自己的独特设计。选项选择A

　　68题

　　答案：B

　　考点：细节理解题

　　解析：根据文章第二段的最后一句话可知：要远离现有的城市带以保证土地可以以最低的价位买到。解题关键在：to make sure 表示目的是，重点在后面。Bottom price 指最低价格，对应文章选项的土地便宜。答案选择B. 选项A,C,D 都不是建造花园城市的关键要求。

　　69题

　　答案：A

　　考点：细节理解题

　　解析：根据文章第三句可知：当越来越多的人搬入花园城市，花园城市就会达到它的预期极限，然后，在不远的地方又会建造另外一个花园城市。答案选择:A.

　　选项B, 每一个花园城市并不会一直扩大，到了一定程度，就会到达极限，另一个花园城市会再建造起来，该选项错误

　　选项C. 不同的花园城市建造起来，人们不会在同一个地点生活和上班。该选项错误

　　选项D 每一个花园城市都有带有农业和一些工业企业，并不只带有一种特定的经济。从最后一段的第二句可以得出该选项错误。

　　70题

　　答案：B

　　考点：主旨大意题

　　解析：从文章通篇可知，文章讲到的是由芝加哥花园城市的建立到伦敦花园城市的建立，再到文章二段，三段讲到的花园城市建立需要的一些条件和建立的模式可知道文章重点是围绕花园城市的创立来展开的。A选项与文章本身不符合，C选项芝加哥新城只是文章开头的引入，后面通篇围绕的都是花园城市展开，与文章本身不符合，D选项的英格兰花园城市只是花园城市的一个典型代表，选项并没有进行通篇描述这一个花园城市，而是转入花园城市的总体建立条件和模式展开。故答案选择B.

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