高考阅读理解真题—科普知识类第十二篇

2018-12-27 21:19:22来源：网络

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　　12.(2011•上海卷)(B)

　　Humpback whales

Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. This is because they can make impressive movements when they dive. The name “humpback”, which is the common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whale’s back forms as it dives. Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement, known as a breach. During breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap. A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach. A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head. It blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4 meters above the water. The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. Other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black, and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes. These markings are like fingerprints: no two are the same. Humpback whales live in large groups. They communicate with each other through complex “songs”.	Quick Facts
	*Size:*	14m~18m in length 30~50 tons in weight
	*Living environment:*	Open ocean and shallow coastline waters
	*Migration:*	From warm tropical (热带的) waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters, where they eat.
	*Diet:*	Shellfish, plants and fish of small size
	*Hunting:*	Sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish. The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass.
	*Current state:*	Endangered: it is estimated that there are about 5000~7000 humpback whales worldwide.According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale ______.

　　69. According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale _____.

　　A. cannot survive in waters near the shore B. doesn’t live in the same waters all the time

　　C. lives mainly on underwater plants D. prefers t work alone when hunting food

　　70. To make a breach, a humpback whale must _____

　　A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the water B. twist its body sideways t jump high

　　C. blow two streams of water D. communicate with a group of humpbacks

　　71. From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale ________.

　　A. has its unique markings on its tail flukes B. has black and white fingerprints

　　C. gets its name from the way it hunts D. is a great performer due to its songs

　　【答案】BAA

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