高三英语知识点：强化训练阅读理解

2015-03-05 11:08:49来源：网络

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　　2014年高考英语考试已经结束，新一轮的高考复习又将开始。面临2015年高考，考生应该如何复习高考英语这个考试科目呢?新东方在线高考网汇总整理《高三英语知识点：强化训练阅读理解》，供2015年高考考生参考。

　　临近高考，同学们应根据高考试卷各个题型的特点，做有针对性的“20分钟限时训练”。在这段时间内，可以完成或一篇完形，或三篇阅读，或一套单选加一个短文改错，或一篇书面表达，或一套听力。在这里，我们开辟一块“强化训练区”，选择有代表性的题目，供同学们进行热身训练，以期在高考中获得佳绩。

　　阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文 , 从每题所给的 A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中 , 选出最佳选项。

　　Australia is a nation of pet lovers but it may be loving its animals to death because pet owners pass on rising levels of obesity by overfeeding their cats and dogs, the country’s main animals welfare body says. Despite its image as a sports – mad country full of fit, sun-bronzed youth, Australia in reality is battling the obesity and challenging the United States as the world’s fattest nation. The problem now extends to household pets.

　　Obesity rates for Australia have doubled over the past 20 years, with 62 percent of men and 45 percent of women overweight. The same trend applies to household pets, with an increase in the number of overweight cats and dogs being dealt with by the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(RSPCA), and even one case of a fat pet mouse. “It’s a big problem, and quite reflective of what’s happening in the human situation,” said Mark Lawrie, the RSPCA''s chief vet. Australia is a nation of 20 million people, almost 4 million dogs, 2.5 million cats, 8.7 million pet birds and more than 12 million pet fish. It has one of the world’s highest rates of pet ownership at 64 percent of households, compared to 62 percent in the United States and 44 percent in Britain.

　　Lawrie said that surveys had found that between 40 and 44 percent of dogs and more than one in three household cats were now overweight, due to poor diet and a lack of exercises. Fat cats and dogs were much easier to suffer from heart problems and liver disease. The RSPCA said low levels of exercises had an impact on pet obesity, but the key problem was over-eating.

　　1. In Australia many pets are involved in obesity problem due to the fact that __________.

　　A. they dislike doing physical exercise

　　B. their owners suffer from similar problems

　　C. they are fed too much

　　D. their diet is poor in nutritions

　　2. It is certainly a problem to Australians that __________.

　　A. there are too many household pets in the country

　　B. more and more people are becoming over-weighted

　　C. they don’t know how to deal with the overweight pets

　　D. their country is the world’s fattest nation

　　3. We can infer from the passage that __________.

　　A. dogs are the most popular household pets in Australia

　　B. all Australians love overwater sports exercises

　　C. there is a variety of households pets, mice included in Australia

　　D. nobody is really concerned about pet obesity

　　4. The passage is best titled with __________.

　　A. Loving Your Pets To Death

　　B. Love Me, Love My Dog

　　C. How to Keep Pets

　　D. More Exercises, More Happiness.

　　I was walking along the main street of a small seaside town in the north of England looking for somewhere to make a phone call. My car had broken down outside the town and I wanted to contact the AA. Low grey clouds were gathering across the sky and there was a cold damp wind blowing off the sea which nearly threw me off my feet every time I crossed one of the side streets. It had rained in the night and water was dripping from the bare trees that lined the street. I was glad that I was wearing a thick coat.

　　There was no sign of a call box, nor was there anyone at that early hour whom I could ask. I had thought I might find a shop open selling the Sunday papers or a milkman doing his rounds, but the town was completely dead. The only living thing I saw was a thin frightened cat outside a small restaurant.

　　Then suddenly I found what I was looking for. There was a small post office, and almost hidden from sight in a dark narrow street next to it was the town’s only public call box, which badly needed a coat of paint. I hurried forward, but stopped in astonishment when I saw through the dirty glass that there was a man inside. He was fat, and was wearing a cheap blue plastic raincoat. I could not see his face and he did not even raise his head at the sound of my footsteps.

　　Discreetly(谨慎地), I remained standing a few feet away and lit a cigarette to wait my turn. It was when I threw the dead match on the ground that I noticed something bright red trickling from under the call box door.

　　1. At what time was the story set?

　　A. An early winter morning. B. A cold winter afternoon.

　　C. An early summer morning. D. A windy summer afternoon.

　　2. Which of the following words best describe the writer’s impression of the town?

　　A. Cold and frightening. B. Dirty and crowded.

　　C. Empty and dead. D. Unusual and unpleasant.

　　3. The author was astonished to a stop as he went forward to the call box because _______.

　　A. the man inside was still wearing a raincoat

　　B. he didn't expect it to be taken up

　　C. the man had his back with him

　　D. the man did not seem to be moving

　　4. Why didn’t the man raise his head when the writer came near?

　　A. He was annoyed at being seen by the writer.

　　B. He was angry at being disturbed by the writer.

　　C. He was probably fast asleep.

　　D. He was probably killed.

　　The classical study of family size and IQ was conducted in the Netherlands. It was based on the military(军事)examinations of more than 386,000 Dutchmen. Researchers found that the brightest subjects came from the smallest families and had few, if any, brothers and sisters when they were born. Thus the firstborn child in a family of two was usually brighter than the last child in a family.

　　The effects of family size on intelligence may be explained by what a house full of children does to the home environment. It increases the amount of time a child spends with other children and decreases the amount of parental attention he or she receives. For example, a parent with one restless child is likely to sit and play with the child. The same parent with two or three restless children is more likely to ask them to play with each other. Some psychologists say that when a child interacts(交往)with an adult alone, the child learns more and therefore intelligence is increased. Researchers have also found that parents often expect more from their firstborn, which motivates such children to seek a higher standard.

　　Not all psychologists agree that firstborns tend to be more intelligent. They say that the data need to be examined more closely for other possible explanations. For example, in industrialized nations most large families come from lower socio – economic backgrounds. Thus environment, not family size or birth order, may be influencing intelligence. On the other hand, there may be genetic variations(基因变异)within families that also explain the cause of differences.

　　If firstborns have advantages in the area of intelligence, research has also shown that they may be more conforming(墨守成规)and have poorer social skills than their younger siblings (brothers and / or sisters). Although more research needs to be done in this area, it is clear that such factors as birth order, the order in which boys and girls are born into a family, the number of years that separate siblings probably have an effect on the development of intelligence, personality, and social relationships.

　　1.The underlined word “subjects” in the 1st paragraph means .

　　A.branches of knowledge

　　B.persons chosen to be studied in experiments

　　C.citizens of a country

　　D.things talked about in a conversation, discussion or look

　　2.According to the research, usually the elder in a two-child family is .

　　A.cleverer than the younger

　　B.no cleverer than the younger

　　C.less clever than the younger

　　D.as clever as the younger

　　3.Why are firstborns encouraged to seek a higher standard?

　　A.They are more likely to obey others.

　　B.Their parents spend less time with other children.

　　C.They are more conforming.

　　D.Their parents expect more from them.

　　4.The best title for this passage would be .

　　A.Family Size and IQ

　　B.Boys Cleverer Than Girls?

　　C.The Development of intelligence D.Factors Influencing IQ

　　参考答案

　　A：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A

　　B：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D

　　C：1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，其后从1～20各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　I always remembered the first time I took part in an English composition competition. “Right! Dean would be the 1 of our class to participate in the English composition competition,” my classmates said.

　　I was too 2 to speak when hearing what my classmates said, but I was also a bit delighted. In order not to 3 short of my classmates’ 4 , I trained myself very hard for the hope of being the winner of the competition, which would 5 a month later. I 6 a lot of vocabulary, sentence structures and grammar rules and read many good or 7 articles. Not having I 8 pretty well, the day came. Every candidate 9 me looked so well – prepared and 10 . “Only 1.5 hours. Start,” a supervisor suddenly said. Seeing the 11 “What do most teenagers concern nowadays?” I was 12 and got writer’s block. What’s worse, other candidates had begun writing. Moments later, I 13 myself, took a deep breath, and began brainstorming ideas 14 the topic. I quickly wrote down the composition structure, central 15 , and other necessary elements. As the finishing time was 16 , I tried my best to accelerate my writing. Unfortunately, 17 my failure of time management, I left my composition 18 . My final draft looked like a robot whose legs were broken.

　　The result came out two weeks later. To my 19 , I got the second prize! All my classmates cheered for me. This encouraged me a lot. Although I was not the first prize winner, I could still 20 the scent of pride and happiness spreading around me.

　　1. A. player B. monitor

　　C. representative D. actor

　　2. A. proud B. excited

　　C. anxious D. surprised

　　3. A. get B. become

　　C. lose D. fall

　　4. A. promises B. expectations

　　C. dreams D. ideas

　　5. A. set down B. go on

　　C. take place D. hold up

　　6. A. memorized B. copied

　　C. recalled D. invented